The effects of various factors on the dry weight of mycelia was analyzed, the results indicated that the influence follow the sequence: initial pH, liquid volume, temperature and rotating speed, among them, the first three factors had extremely significant effect. Combined with the actual situation, the conditions were modified to liquid volume 106.00mL/250mL, rotating speed 165.00r/min, temperature 23.60℃, initial pH 6.70. The optimum culture conditions of liquid spawn were obtained by response surface analysis. The interaction between glucose and yeast extract had a certain effect. The interaction between glucose and KH2PO4 had obviously effects on the dry weight of mycelia. The effects of various factors on the dry weight of mycelia were analyzed, the results indicated that the influence follow the sequence: glucose, KH2PO4, yeast extract and MgSO4, among them, the first two factors had significant effect.
Combined with the practical operation, the formula was modified to 29.00 g/L glucose, 2.90g/L yeast extract, 0.90g/L KH2PO4 and 1.00g/L MgSO4. The optimum formula of medium was obtained by response surface analysis. The best carbon and nitrogen source of liquid medium was glucose and yeast extract, respectively. Therefore, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the production of liquid spawn and industrial production of Pleurotus eryngii, response surface analysis was used to optimize the liquid spawn formula and conditions. However，the study of the fermentation parameters of Pleurotus eryngii liquid spawn is less, which cannot effectively guide the production practice. Liquid spawn, an important technical support for industrial production of edible fungi, has some advantages, such as fast growth, strong activity, uniform quality and easy inoculation. sinensis is an effective means of generating antioxidant and immunostimulatory materials. The fermented SCG stimulated macrophages and promoted the production of various immunostimulatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-6, and TNF-α) compared to control therefore, microbial fermentation of SCG using C. The fermented SCG exhibited significantly higher 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (half maximal inhibitory concentration: IC50, 0.37 mg/mL) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (IC50, 0.93 mg/mL) radical scavenging activities than those of the control (0.54 mg/mL and 1.20 mg/mL, respectively p < 0.05). Fermented SCG also showed significantly higher content of chlorogenic acid isomers than unfermented SCG. The main polyphenol compounds of fermented SCG were chlorogenic acid and p-coumaric acid, which were increased by fermentation.
The glucosamine content of the mycelia also continuously increased during fermentation. The polyphenol content of the fermented SCG increased from 1022.4 to 1562.0 μg/mL. In this study, we performed a microbial fermentation of SCG using Cordyceps sinensis and investigated the radical scavenging and immunostimulatory activity of fermented SCG. Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are inexpensive materials that have been used as a source of antioxidants and polysaccharides with immunostimulatory activity. eryngii for utilization of different recyclable residues as well as urban generated wastes reduction The results revealed a potential opportunity for commercial cultivation of edible mushrooms, especially P. eryngii compared to the substrates of cardboard or SCG alone. Combination between cardboard and SCG, especially substrate formulations of 30% cardboard+70% SCG increased mycelial density and number of primordial formations of P. eryngii, while high concentration of yeast extract (5-50 g/l) did not show any beneficial influence. The concentration of 1 g/l of yeast extract showed the best effects on mycelial growth and primordia formation of P.
1, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 g/l) as a supplement in potato dextrose agar media (PDA) on P. The efficiency of different yeast extract concentrations (i.e. Studies were carried out using five different substrate formulations viz., 100% cardboard (TS1), 100% SCG (TS2), 50% cardboard+50% SCG (TS3), 70% cardboard+30% SCG (TS4) and 30% cardboard+70% SCG (TS5). Hence, mycelium of king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) were experimentally evaluated on cardboard and spent coffee ground (SCG) substrates for the mycelial growth rate, density and primordial formation. An effective tool to identify necessary nutrients for the production of fruiting bodies on the specialty substrates is mycelium growth. Cultivation of edible mushrooms on urban wastes represents one of the most economically and cost-effective organic recycling processes.
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